Reading Fusion-Book 1 (E)
442 카드 | CompassPublishing
세트공유
ability
skill
Some people have the ability to roll their tongues into a U-shape.
activate
turn on; make active
The state has activated its emergency operation center.
Alzheimer's
disease which affects memory (common amongst older people)
An example of someone who had alzheimer's disease was Barry Goldwater.
anticipate
expect; foresee
Her mom didn't anticipate the bad news from her daughter.
attuned to
sensitive towards; focused on
Alex had been attuend to her silent wants and needs because it was importatnt to him.
boost
increase
We can boost our sales by 30-40% by this December.
composer
person who writes music
Mozart is a very famous composer.
concentrate
focus
I could not concentrate on my homework beacuse the room was so loud.
dedicated to
focused on; committed to
Joan has dedicated her life to animals.
discover
find out
The scientist discovered a cure for cancer.
evidence
proof
The police found no evidence that she had stolen the money.
expert
person who is very knowledgeable in a field
She is an expert in five languages.
fraction
part of a whole (ex: 1/2, 1/3)
There is only a fraction of students here now.
instrument
device for playing music (ex: guitar)
A musician is playing an instrument.
IQ
“Intelligence Quotient" (widely used measure of intelligence)
I mak good grades and have a high iq.
make up
create
Women make up 56% of the student numbers.
movement
section of a piece of classical music
The ending of this movement is wonderful.
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (device showing an internal image of a patient)
Doctors can check implant, after it has been inserted, by mri.
no wonder
of course; that's why
It is no wonder that the waiters looked tired.
organize
arrange
Joe thought we should organize a party for Frank since it’s his birthday.
personalized
specially made for somebody
The wedding invitations will be personlaized to your exact requirements.
pour in
arrive in large numbers
I poured some milk in my sister’s cup.
procedure
method; sequence
It would be four to six weeks before they knew whether the procedure was successful.
process
handle; deal with
I can't process this fast.
region
area
This region gets a lot of rain.
remind
help someone remember
Please remind me to call my daughter this afternoon.
role
purpose; function
The role of the parents is to take care of the children.
spatial reasoning
the ability to mentally process shapes and patterns
I have an overdeveloped sense of spatial reasoning.
track
follow; keep up with
I should call the courier service to see if they can track it down.
unique
special; one of a kind
I’ve never seen anything like it. It’s unique.
altogether
completely
We need to get ride of this ugly wallpaper altogether.
attentive
carefully watching or listening
He is a good student because he is attentive to every detail on his work.
barter
trade
The barter system worked well until people started to move about more and to greater distances.
blur the line
make the distinction between two things unclear
The new launched Oculus Rift, the virtual 3D game, make people blur the line between imagination and reality.
clever
intelligent
The girl is very clever and does well on all her tests.
commercial
done for profit
The program is now available for commercial sale.
date back
start from a certain time in the past
In some cases, the crimes date back to before DNA technology existed.
debate
discuss an issue
I watched the political debates on television.
exhausted
very tired
Bill is exhausted from volleyball practice.
graphics
images; pictures
The graphics in the newest video games are amazing!
in order to
so as to; for the sake of
in order to process this, we need your signature.
integrate
make a part of
Traditional television is integrated as it contains images, sound and text.
integrity
honor; purity
Most people wanted him to run for office since he has a lot of integrity.
make the most of
use to one's advantage; enjoy as much as possible
They can help you make the most of your capital and advise on how to get more.
opponent
enemy
His opponent in the tennis game was strong and fast.
out of hand
out of control
It was a pity that the game got a bit out of hand in the last quarter and that three players were sidelined.
production
show
By the late 1890s, he had developed a successful commercial film production and processing business.
promote
advertise; push
The event was held to promote world peace.
realistic
believable; accurate
It isn't realistic to think that you can teach your dog to talk.
reality
the real world
The doctors were aware of the reality of the current situation.
reveal
show something that was previously unseen
I will reveal where I hid the candy bar.
screen time
time spent appearing in a movie or TV show
American pediatricians says that the children under two should not have any screen time.
sponsor
supporter (often through money)
It was very hard to get a sponsor to pay for the project.
virtual
unreal; computer generated
I like to play virtual combat games on my computer.
be wary of
be cautious towards; have doubts about
We should be wary of dangers to our liberty and privacy with the excuse of security.
bribery
giving someone money in exchange for favors
France is reeling from daily revelations about bribery and corruption scandals.
carry out
commit
All the employees will carry out your request.
commit
perform; carry out
You must be ready to deal with the consequences if you commit a crime.
con artist
criminal who operates by lying and cheating people
They were simply conned by the biggest con artist New zealand has known for decades.
drive up
cause to increase
The current government is going to drive up tax.
estimate
guess a value, time, amount, etc.
It is estimated that over 98% of people in Korea are literate.
executive
high-level person in a company
The president is the chief of the executive branch of the American government.
fraud
action that cheats or misleads others
He was afraid that the old priest would discover that they were frauds and not gods.
identity theft
pretending to be someone else (ex: to apply for a credit card)
Have you been the vitim of identity theft or credit card fraud?
intended for
meant for
It is so cute, but probably too big for the person whom it's intended for, so I might have to keep it and make another smaller one.
life savings
money someone has saved over a period of many years
She invested his life savings in his daughter’s business.
overhaul
a thorough repair and examination
A new report charges that Ontario's food safety system needs a major overhaul.
paper trails
written records
Keep a good paper trail in case anyone asks you why you arrived at that conclusion.
previously
in the past
The men had previously eaten at the restaurant before that night.
prison
jail
He went to prison for secretly taking money from his company.
recipient
someone who receives something
Who was the recipient of this years' scholarship?
ruin
destroy
A play is ruined when one of the actors is not there.
scheme
plan; program
The man has become a victim of their scheme.
severe
extreme
After the severe storm, we felt lucky that we survived.
sophisticated
refined; advanced
The fighter jet has some of the most sophisticated technology available today.
telemarketing
business done over the telephone
The newspaper started a telemarketing campaign to boost its subscriptions, by calling non-subscribers.
term
word or phrase
The manager had trouble understanding some of the terms used by her young employees.
think twice
carefully consider something
She would think twice about accepting a job where smoking was the norm.
top notch
excellent; superior
The award may be given to anybody who consistently writes top notch content.
trustworthy
honest
Mary is one of the most trustworthy people I’ve ever met.
typical
common
He looked like a typical tourist with his camera and baseball cap.
victim
person who suffers from a crime, accident, etc.
How many victims were there?
a whole host of
many
We were greeted by a whole host of people at the airport.
accessible
able to be entered or reached
All the buildings in the city are accessible to people in wheelchairs.
adaptive technologies
devices or software that help a disabled person work
adaptive technologies can make the disabled handle their tasks like ordinary people.
adjustment
change; adaptation
John made an adjustment on his computer so that the words would be easier to read.
advantage
a good feature
She had an advantage over other students because she had studied Latin in high school.
Braille
printed language (using raised dots) read with one's fingers
braille is a system of raised patterns on paper that allows the blind to read.
disabled
having a mental or physical disability
The mother had to quit her job and take care of her son when he became disabled from the accident.
engineer
person who designs structures and systems (could be mechanical, electrical, etc.)
This guy is an engineer who designs and builds humanoid roboats that are capable of standing and walking on their own.
entrepreneur
person who starts a business with an idea, makes it grow, and takes the risk of failure
Many entrepreneurs find it difficult to work in a 9 to 5 job.
lucrative
producing a lot of money
She found her small bread making business to be quite lucrative.
mandate
to order
The students and parents mandated a new homework policy.
mentally challenged
having a mental disability (ex: Down Syndrome)
He does voluntary work to take care of mentally challenged children.
modify
to change something
When she discovered her son had diabetes, she had to modify his diet drastically.
not the case
untrue
Mostly the gesture of nodding means yes, but this is not the case in Bulgaria.
productive
contributing; adding to the total output
Freelancing, even after a highly successful and productive career, was not much better unless one was a celebrity writer and columnist.
refuse
decline; reject
I can't help you if you refuse to listen to my advice.
reluctant
concerned or afraid
I was very reluctant to agree to the contract because it required me to travel extensively.
society
group of people living in a place
In today's society, men and women often marry at an older age.
stand in one's way
block
Our stereotype of the disabled will stand in their way of life.
unemployment rate
percentage of people without jobs
In recent year, unemployment rate is increasing steadly.
unfounded
without a basis in fact
The rumor is totally unfounded.
visual
related to sight
A film depends greatly on visual and other nonverbal elements that are not easily expressed in writing.
work ethic
the belief that work is morally good
Without good work ethics, it is impossible to advance in your career.
workforce
a country's working population
The workforce is dwindling as the baby boomers retire and young workers move overseas.
adopt
to accept or start to use something new
The parents decided to adopt a new strategy for disciplining their child.
bed-ridden
unable to leave one's bed
He has been bed-ridden for last two years.
beneficial
advantageous
Mark realized playing and not doing his homework was not beneficial to his academic success.
canary
a type of song bird
canaries are small yellow birds which sing beautifully and are often kept as pets.
candidate
a person or thing ready for something
She is the next candidate for the promotion.
cardiovascular
related to the heart and blood vessels
Uncontrolled diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke.
companion
friend; someone you spend time with
A dog is a faithful companion.
confirm
to make sure something is right by checking it again
You need to confirm whether you want to attend the party or not.
data
information
After gathering all the data, write a report.
depression
a feeling of temporary sadness
She suffered depression after the death of her cat.
device
a tool or implement
No one knew how to work the device because there was no switch to turn it off or on.
elderly
polite way to say “old"
Some elderly people need assistance in daily activities such as laundry.
equipped with
supplied with; having
All bedrooms in our hotel are equipped with a colour TV.
extensively
widely; thoroughly
The house was extensively damaged by the fire.
flexibility
capable of being bent or modified
Stretching before and after exercise increases flexibility.
ideal
the highest standard
Sam was the ideal candidate for the job because of his bilingual skills.
impressive
causing admiration
Her artistic abilities are quite impressive; it is difficult to imagine she painted everything with her feet.
interact
to communicate with someone
Although they lived in the same house, the father and son barely interacted with each other.
lap
area of one's legs from the waist to the knees (formed while sitting)
The puppy sat on my lap.
measurable
able to be shown with solid data
Ideal goals should be measurable and achievable.
phenomenon
a fact, event, or image that strikes one's attention and attracts interest
A man eating fire was a phenomenon that he had not seen before.
predictable
easy to anticipate or figure out
It’s very predictable that the mouse will come tonight.
retirement home
place where elderly people live and are cared for
As the average life span of Norwegians has increased, a shortage of nursing and retirement home has developed.
routine
regular series of activities
It is routine for us to eat at least three meals a day.
self-worth
feeling of being important
She looks at herself in the mirror, with her short and kinky hair, and doubts her self-worth and attractiveness.
senior citizen
old person
The senior citizens of this town get up early to exercise.
stroke
to pass the hand lightly over something
The little boy liked his mother to stroke his back.
treadmill
exercise machine for walking or running
Sometimes running on a treadmill can be boring so I usually listen to music.
voice recognition
ability to understand what someone says
Many users already have the computing power to run voice recognition programs.
wall socket
slot in a wall that electric devices are plugged into
There is a wall socket next to the washing machine.
approach
come near
As you approach the town, you'll see the college on the left.
artificial
man-made
There was a bowl of artificial fruit on the table.
atomic
related to the basic units of matter; extremely small
The atomic bombs used in Hiroshima and Nagasaki killed many people.
chip
wafer containing an integrated circuit (used for electronics)
Current integrated circuits, or computer chips, contains about 100 million transistors each.
classical computer
computer using CPUs which contain many transistors
Classical computers have their technological limits, so scientists create a new kind of computer to overcome the limits, that is a Quantum computer.
database
storehouse of information
The library has a database of over 15 million book titles.
feasibility
likelihood; possibility
The economic and engineering feasibility of these projects is yet to be determined.
high hopes
positive expectations
I have high hopes for getting scholarship.
ideal
perfect
It was ideal weather for a long walk on the beach.
in the meantime
meanwhile
In the meantime, he had learn to use the compass better and decipher the symbols.
made up of
comprising; composed of
The test is made up of 50 multiple choice questions.
majority
more than 50%
The majority of the school children were from single parent homes.
multiple
more than one
When the stunt went wrong, the man suffered multiple injuries.
particle
extremely small unit of matter, such as an atom, ion, etc.
Small particles of dirt were present in the water.
physics
the study of the way matter, energy, etc. operate in nature
Chemistry and physics are my favorite subjects.
practical
useful; having a clear function and purpose
Learning English is practical; you can use it in many places.
quantum mechanics
physics describing particles at the atomic level
According to the laws of quantum mechanics, these electrons may exist only in certain states.
race
act as quickly as possible
The injured man was raced to the hospital.
shrink
make smaller
Some flowers are very sensitive and will shrink if you touch them.
simultaneous
happening at the same time
The movement of the gears inside the watch was simultaneous.
superb
excellent
He thought Jamie was a superb cook.
theoretical
thought to be possible, but not yet proven; hypothetical
His conclusion was only theoretical and not meant to be publicized.
transaction
deal; exchange
The bank processes hundreds of transactions each day.
transistor
small device used in electronics to switch or amplify a signal
For comparison, the gate length of the smallest silicon transistors is about 20 nanometers.
yield
deliver; produce
The yield of corn per acre was quite high.
barely
hardly
I barely realized that the 180th day had arrived.
burden
a responsibility
After her father's stroke, she had the burden of supporting her family.
channel
to direct or guide along some desired course
Mr Rouse is chief executive of the Housing Corporation, which channels public money into social housing schemes.
come into play
enter into the situation
Adding to the complexity, state ethic rules also come into play.
community
group of people living in an area; group that shares a common goal or interest
The on-line community has been made possible with the development of the Internet.
complex
complicated
The map was very complex and difficult to understand.
critical
very important
It is absolutely critical for an astronaut to have enough oxygen in space.
debt relief
the limiting or canceling of a debt load
He pushed for debt relief for the world's poorest countries.
equation
formula
I used the Pythagorean theorem to solve the equation.
gender inequality
unequal treatment of men and women
We must do all that we can do to address gender inequalities where they occur.
infected
carrying a disease
Sometimes children can get sick from touching infected animals such as dogs and cats.
infrastructure
basic services, such as roads, bridges, power lines, etc.
Rome’s agricultural production could not provide sufficient energy to maintain its infrastructure and the welfare of its citizens.
lack
be without
The lack of gravity weakens astronauts’ muscles and bones.
literacy
the ability to read
The invention of the printing press significantly increased the worldwide literacy rate.
malaria
a disease spread by mosquito bites
malaria is still a dangerous disease in some parts of the world.
millennium
A millennium is one thousand years.
Stonehenge is believed to have been built about 5 millenniums ago.
nutrition
food and its relation to health
Bees can die if they do not have good nutrition.
poverty
the state of living in very poor conditions
poverty may drive people crazy.
priority
something that is very important; at the top of a list
Getting good grades was not his priority; getting a well rounded education was.
stamp out
eliminate
To stamp out racism is the most important thing.
stunted
restricted; limited
There is a clump of stunted trees on the head of a slope.
sub-Saharan
south of the Sahara Desert
It is the introduction of an electronic medical record in one of the poorest regions of sub-Saharan Africa.
subsidies
payments made by governments to local businesses to support them
The official gave the company subsidies, so it could open two new factories.
survive
stay alive; carry on
Polar bears are able to survive in the most extreme environments.
tariff
fee to import or export goods
The government imposed a large rice tariff on all rice imports in order to collect lots of revenue.
tuberculosis
a disease affecting the lungs
tuberculosis is not as common as it once was thanks to modern medicine.
universal
available to everybody
The ‘thumbs up’ gesture is a universal sign of approval.
vaccine
injection that prevents disease
Doctors have been working for months to make a vaccine that can kill the virus.
abundant
plentiful
There was abundant evidence to support his theory.
acquire
get; pick up
I acquired the right to fire anyone who brings down the company.
alternative
substitute; other option
She suggested an alternative plan.
at a crossroads
faced with a decision to go one direction or another
She is at a crossroads in her life; either she accepts her boyfriend's proposal of marriage or declines it.
automobile
vehicle such as a car or truck
I want my first automobile to be a race car.
combination
group; two or more things put together
Hot chocolate and a good book is a perfect combination on a rainy day.
dam
structure that controls water flow, often for electricity production
The new dam will prevent the river from flooding the town.
efficient
productive, using minimal time and resources
This is not the most efficient way to do the job. I can show you a faster way.
electricity
energy in the form of charged particles
Refrigerators need a lot of electricity to work.
eyesore
something that is unpleasant to look at
My stepmother regarded me as an eyesore.
fossil fuel
carbon-based energy source (ex: oil and coal)
Fossil fuels such as natural gas are commonly burned to heat houses in the wintertime.
fuel cell
device that converts sources like hydrogen into usable energy
The fuel cell generates electricity as a by-product of a chemical reaction.
gigawatt
one billion watts of electrical power
If the best existing dams were upgraded to generate electricity, they could generate 17gigawatt of power.
gradually
slowly; over time
Nathan practiced every day and gradually became much better.
manufacture
make; create
The company that manufactures cars, makes a lot of pollution.
migrating
traveling a long distance (ex: birds migrating south in the winter)
Ducks are migrating birds.
moreover
also; additionally
moreover, England’s winters have been getting warmer since the late 1980’s.
pose
present; cause
Smoking poses a threat to our health.
power grid
system that distributes electricity throughout an area
Some people who live in Asia's rural areas usually don't have the power grid.
renewable
able to be used and reused over and over
We should try to use energy sources that are renewable.
revolution
a complete or radical change of any kind
There is a phone revolution occurring with so many people making phone calls over the internet.
rural
in the countryside
The rural farm life can be quite calming and quiet.
solar panel
sheet that captures sunlight so it can be converted into electricity
Many newer homes have solar panels on their roofs to take advantage of the sun as a source for free energy.
transition
change; shift
The weather gets colder during the transition from summer to autumn.
underground
beneath the Earth
A subway is a train that runs underground.
used up
spent; emptied
Renewable energy can never be used up.
wind turbine
a tall pole with long blades that generate electricity by being spun by the wind
People have learned how to build wind turbines to turn wind energy into electric power.
avoid
keep away from
We should avoid the snowstorm that is coming.
aware of
know about
Is something going on that I should be aware of?
carry
have; hold
I carry my books to school with me everyday.
communicate
interact; share information
We need to communicate clearly with people when we are explaining something very important.
concept
idea
I understand the basic concept of this theory, but not the details.
counterpart
person you are dealing with
Our manager will meet our rival company's counterpart later today.
discomfort
the state of not feeling well
He still suffers considerable discomfort from his injury.
embarrassment
shame
I turned red with embarassment.
encourage
suggest; recommend
Parents should always encourage their child to live their dreams.
expressive
full of feeling; meaningful
A great actor needs to have an expressive face.
gesture
motion (ex: pointing)
This gesture means hello. Without saying anything, he made a gesture with his hand.
illustrate
show; give an example of something
I don't think you understand. Let me tell you a story to illustrate my point.
intensely
extremely; passionately
How often and how intensely do you exercise?
kinesic
related to one's body
Public speakers know how to use kinesics to their speech.
miscommunication
misunderstanding over something's meaning
Problems with translation and miscommunication are very common.
muscle
body tissue responsible for movement
You can see soccer players stretching their muscles.
non-verbal
unspoken or unrelated to speaking
non-verbal communication is sometimes really hard to interpret.
opposite
totally different
The result was opposite of what we expected.
posture
way of standing; body position
The doctor advised the patient to keep a straight posture.
refer to
point to; indicate
The word "Angelus" actually refers to a Catholic prayer.
sequence
the way a series of things is ordered
What is the sequence for doing the tasks?
slumped
bent over
She slumped against the cushions.
straightforward
clear; direct
When something is straightforward, it is good because it is easy to understand.
subconscious
occurring without a person's awareness
She has a subconscious fear of water.
tend to
usually act a certain way or do a certain thing
Whenever I get embarrassed, I tend to get red in the face.
vary
differ
The heights of the people in my class vary by a large amount.
aim to
plan to; have the goal of
We aim to please our customers.
ambitious
having big goals; wanting to accomplish a lot
He was ambitious, but he wanted to achieve his ambitions without hurting anybody or doing wrong.
biofuel
fuel made from plants and other organic materials
The government estimates that million tons of grains are being used for biofuel.
capture
take; grab
Hercules had to capture a deer and a dog.
classify
arrange into categories
The biologist classified the plant as a completely new species.
CO₂
carbon dioxide
Trees take in CO₂(carbon dioxide) and give off oxygen.
coffee grounds
crushed, used coffee beans
Don't pour coffee grounds down the kitchen sink.
construction
the building of structures (ex: houses and offices)
The new road is still under construction.
convince
get someone to agree
His hands-on demonstration of the new vacuum cleaner convinced my mother to purchase it.
creative
able to think up new and original ideas
He was a creative costume designer.
disposal
throwing away
A plastic objects like rock and roll CDs and their containers are implicated in the process of waste disposal.
eco-friendly
good for the Earth
Bicycles are eco-friendly because they are human powered.
effort
hard work
She put a lot of effort into planning the party.
eliminate
get rid of; reduce to zero
We need to eliminate all the ants in our house.
excess
extra; surplus
Because it never got cold that winter, many stores had an excess of coats.
from scratch
made using basic ingredients or components
He built his own computer company from scratch.
generate
create; produce
We may have to close that branch because it does not generate enough sales.
industrial waste
waste produced by companies, often from factories
The city's harbour was contaminated with industrial wastes.
landfill
place where garbage is buried
Landfills look bad and they are bad for the environment.
operations
business activities
A manager is someone who controls the operations of a business.
opportunity
chance
I had an opportunity to take pictures in the jungle.
organic
coming from living things (such as plants and vegetables)
organic foods are good for your health.
policy
guideline; procedure
It’s the store policy not to accept returns.
potential
being a possibility; having a chance to be excellent
That hole in the road is a potential danger.
raw material
material that things are made from (ex: wood)
The country relied on the import of raw materials for its survival and growth.
refit
upgrade by installing new equipment
She spent the first winter refitting a tall ship in a village in Spain.
shareholder
owner of a company's stock
He is a property developer and a shareholder in and a director of a number of company.
take notice
pay attention
I just hope they will take notice of warning sings we have put up and look out for them on the roads.
widespread
common; seen in many places
The problem is widespread in the world.
worthless
without value
It seems to be a worthless old coin, but it is very valuable.
agency
organization; association
She called the travel agency to go on a trip.
atmosphere
band of air and other gases surrounding the Earth
The Earth’s atmosphere contains oxygen.
constantly
continuously
Water constantly flows down Niagara Falls.
countless
a great many; impossible to count
She was looking at the countless stars in the night sky.
detection
discovery
AIDS detection has gotten so much better in the past 20 years.
dim
reduce the amount of light
Just before Holmes heard the hissing sound, he saw a dim light.
examine
study; analyze
We must examine the evidence closely.
galactic
happening in space; related to a galaxy (such as the Milky Way)
There is the search for a black hole at the galactic centre.
gravitational
related to the force that a body in space has over another body
The moon and the sun also exert gravitational pulls on Earth, creating tides that we can see as the twice-daily edd and flow of the ocean.
habitable
able to support life
The house should be habitable by Christmas.
indirect
roundabout
We took an indirect route to the party that made us late.
inhabited
lived in
This island is inhabited.
launch
send into space
We launched our homemade rocket at the park.
limitation
restriction
With these offers, there is a sense of urgency because of time limitations.
locate
find where something is
I had to locate the school on the map before I could drive over there.
mass
physical quantity
The columns could not support the mass of the second floor.
ozone
gas in the atmosphere that blocks a star's harmful rays
Ground-level ozone is harmful to the respiratory systems of animals.
rocky planet
planet with a hard, solid surface
Venus and Mars are typical of rocky planets.
signal
sound, light, or other wave carrying information
He gave the signal to advance.
slightly
somewhat; just a little
I am slightly taller than my twin sister.
suitable
appropriate
The clothes you are wearing are not suitable for this winter weather.
technique
method
Every chef has their own technique for preparing food.
terrestrial
similar to the Earth
There are billions of terrestrial life forms.
underway
already happening
Economic recovery is already underway.
universe
the entirety of space (including the galaxies, planets, etc.)
Scientist still continue to disagree about how and when the universe was formed.
velocity
speed
The velocity of the baseball was so fast that the batter could not hit it.
verify
determine; confirm
He called to verify the shipment of his recent order.
wobble
shake or move in a circle
The table wobbles becuase one of its legs is too short.
zone
area
Oaks grow widely throughout the mild temperature zone of the Northern Hemisphere.
attractive
very good looking; appealing to other people
All the women agreed that Dave was an attractive man. He was very handsome.
brilliant
very smart
They are full of brilliant ideas.
campaign
operation; movement
The local farmers have organized a campaign to get the government to increase taxes on imported vegetables.
case by case
handled on an individual basis, according to each case's situation
We have to examine the situation case by case.
come up with
develop; invent
He came up with his own unique way of designing buildings.
consumer
shopper
When shopping, you should be a smart consumer and compare prices.
contractor
outside person or company hired for a task
The school meal service is provided by private contractors.
cosmetics
make up (ex: lipstick)
My uncle is working for the cosmetics industry.
decline
go down
Our sales are declining due to the poor economy.
distribution
shipping and delivering goods
The whole distribution system broke down.
drive
push; cause
If he does not stop lying, he will drive her to do something foolish.
eager
willing and interested
Men were eager to marry Bianca because she would make a good wife.
in-house
done by company staff
There is the increase in in-house publication, made possibly by the same lowered barriers.
innovative
new and interesting; different from that which came before
His innovative way of thinking got him a top position in the company.
loyalty
commitment
Dogs have a lot of loyalty.
maintain
preserve
It was difficult to maintain course because of the rough sea conditions.
make up
create
Women make up 56% of the student numbers.
marketing
advertising, selling, and improving interest in a product
marketing has come up with a really innovative plan to redefine our company.
more often than not
usually; for the most part
Food is scarce and more often than not they go hungery.
participate
be a part of
We have to all participate in the school’s homecoming rally.
R&D
research and development
recipe
list of ingredients for a food or drink and instructions for making it
We use a recipe to make food.
regardless of
despite
regardless of the weather, the event will be held on Friday.
shift
change; movement
After World War II, there was a big shift in world politics.
social networking site
website where people meet friends, post photos, etc.
Mark Zuckerberg is best known for creating the most famous social networking site Facebook.
spot
ad
There is the most famous celebrity in the cosmetic spot.
strategy
plan/method of operations
Our strategy is to attract people with free offers.
striking
very impressive
Her striking features gained the attention of every guest in the room.
submit
turn in; deliver
I have yet to submit my written report.
take something to another level
improve, enhance, or develop something
Game develpoers are always trying to take their game programs to another level.
achievement
accomplishment
Winning a gold medal is my greatest achievement.
architect
building designer
Guy lived in New York so he could succeed as an architect.
contain
include
Although the giant hairy scorpion's tail contains a mild poison, the poison will not kill a person.
dizzying
very fast
The crazy bus driver drove past at a dizzying speed on the pavement.
eventually
finally
eventually, David will realize that he is special.
evoke
bring out; remind people of something
The picture evoked memories of when grandmother was a girl.
expression
something that shows how one feels
A smile is an expression of joy or friendliness.
functional
having a practical use
The new cellphones are much more functional than the one ten years ago.
generate
create; produce
We may have to close that branch because it does not generate enough sales.
icon
symbol
Only Marilyn has proved as an enduring fashion icon.
identity
self; character
identity thieves steal other people’s bank account details or credit card numbers.
imagination
ability to think creatively
He used his imagination to write the novel.
impact
effect; influence
Political changes can have a big impact on the livelihoods of the nation's people.
landmark
famous site or building (either natural or manmade)
Everyone in town knows the building on the corner. It is a landmark.
leap over
jump over; surpass
During the event, babies watch as their parents leap over them.
masterpiece
outstanding work or achievement
One of Auguste Rodin's masterpieces is the 'Thinker'.
measurements
something's length, width, height, etc.
The tailor took my measurement for a new suit.
monument
structure built in remembrance of something
Washington D.C. has many monuments dedicated to old presidents.
pagoda
a type of Buddhist temple
Outstanding examples of Korean architecture can be seen in historic palaces and Buddhist temples and pagodas.
preserve
maintain
This is a perfectly preserved 15th centry house.
publicity
attention
Plenty of celebrities complain about media harassment when publicity about their lives is not to their liking.
revenue
income
We do not have enough revenue to cover our expenses.
revitalize
make strong and healthy again
When they built that new mall, it really revitalized the city.
skyscraper
very tall building
Because there is so much land in Texas, you do not see many skyscrapers.
stand for
represent
Her three chevrons stand for her rank of sergeant.
structure
building
The council plans to build a large structure over the park.
struggling
having trouble
She is struggling for success day and night.
symbol
object or idea representing something else
Number 7 is symbol of luck.
turn something's fortunes around
greatly improve a situation
Brown had hoped the increase of revenue would turn his company's fortunes around.
address
meet; take into consideration
He had addressed a problem and proposed a solution.
administration
organization; government
The Bush administration claimed the standards set in the Protocol were unfair to developed countries.
bacteria
very small organisms which are invisible to the human eye
There is bacteria everywhere, even if you have just cleaned it.
batch
group; lot
I just made a batch of warm chocolate chip cookies.
chemical
natural or artificial substance with a specific molecular structure
The use of chemical weapons is strictly banned.
come into play
be a factor; be involved
A variety of factors come into play when choosing an employee.
contaminate
pollute
The lake was contaminated when pollutants entered into the water.
corrupted
damaged; contaminated
The town's water-supply has been corrupted by chemicals from the factory.
enforce
make sure a law or rule is carried out
He decided if he hadn't seduced someone by 4:15, he would enforce Plan B.
essential
necessary; very important
It is essential to welcome people with good writing skills into your company.
food-borne
carried or spread by food
Eating uncooked meat and seafood cna increase your risk of food-borne illness.
frustrated
bothered; angry
She felt angry and frustrated with the lack of progress.
globalization
the process by which the world is becoming more and more connected
Nowadays, the globalization of world economy is increasing.
hygiene
cleanliness
Washing your hands often is part of good hygiene.
inspection
examination; close review
After we cleaned the house, Dad made an inspection to see if it was done properly.
not to mention
as well as
The band is highly energethic, unique and lots of fun, not to mention very talented.
occur
take place; happen
The book explains how natural disasters occur.
produce
fruits and vegetables
At the market, the women from the mountain villages spread argricultural produce under the trees.
rock
hit; shaken
The boat rocked from side to side in the waves.
scandal
shocking event (often damaging to a person's reputation)
Everyone was talking about the scandal surrounding the president.
shocking
very surprising
The shocking news took everyone by surprise.
state of affairs
situation; particular set of circumstances
This is a great state of affairs.
sufficiently
done enough
Have you rested sufficiently? Then let’s continue.
swiftly
quickly
swiftly blend dry ingredients with wet ingredients and transfer to baking pan.
toxin
poison
Some types of bacteria release poisons called toxins while they are multiplying in food.
uproar
angry reaction
The fans made a great uproar when their team lost the game.
violate
break; go against
The person will tend to feel guilty when his or her own conduct violates that principle.
affluent
rich
People in the city are usually more affluent than people in the country.
at the top of the charts
having the number-one song or CD
Maroon5's new album is at the top of the charts.
beyond one's means
more than one can afford
Without any insurance, the emergency room fee was far beyound her means.
burn through
use very quickly
They've burned through 2 million dollars already, and the renovation are far from complete.
cautious
careful
He was cautious and decided to save what he had and spend very little.
enormous
very big
We did manage to get an enormous amount of work done.
entourage
group of people who travel with someone
A tall woman in a black dress appeared from a rear room surrounded by an impressive entourage.
exquisite
outstanding; very finely made
The details on the stained glass window were exquisite.
fade
greatly decrease
Their smiles faded away when they saw the results of their exams.
fall into a habit
become used to doing something
I recently have fallen into a habit of staying up until late at night because of using my smartphone.
file for bankruptcy
officially declare oneself moneyless
Eventually he will file for bankruptcy.
go into debt
borrow money
Most parents think it is worth going into debt to let their child go to the University.
in the limelight
receiving a lot of attention
Steve Jobs was in the limelight all around the world.
late
polite way to say “dead"
Mrs. Dashwood’s stepson did not honor the promise he made to her late husband.
lavish
very fancy and costly
The couple threw lavish parties in Egypt.
legend
famous person, place, or story (may or may not be true)
he story of Robin Hood is a legend that most people was based on a real person.
lifestyle
daily habits and living conditions
They enjoyed an income and lifestyle that many people would envy.
live by
follow as a general rule
He lived by gambling professionally for over a decade.
money drainer
item that makes you spend a lot of money
Luxury items are the money drainers.
mortgage
property loan
When they bought their new home, the married couple had to sign a mortgage.
obliged
required, under a debt of gratitude
I am obliged to you for helping me.
platinum
a rare and valuable metal
The rings are made of platinum.
reckless
careless
Some people believe that boxing is a reckless sport.
roughly
approximately
She looks to be roughly 30 years old.
survey
poll
We took a survey to see how kids reacted to the new standard.
upkeep
maintenance
We will be responsible for the upkeep of the access road.
wind up
eventually occur or arrive at a certain point
I always said he would wind up in prison.
abyssal
deep in the ocean
A giant squid was found in the abyssal North Atlantic.
at one's disposal
available to use
A helicopter was put at entourage's disposal.
bioluminescent
naturally producing one's own light
Mosquito Bay is one of the last and best of the world's bioluminescent coves, blessed with billions of tiny, delicate dinoflagellates that spackle like gems at the slightest motion.
bitter
extreme
The capital is again bearing the brunt of the bitter weather with freezing winds, rain and hail showers.
craft
vehicle
The craft that landed on the Moon in 1969 was named the "Eagle."
creature
animal
The land was filled with strange creatures.
crust
rocky outer layer of the Earth
Earthquakes cause slight movements of the earth's crust.
defend
protect
He defended his brother from the angry dog.
ecosystem
local environment (including the food chain and natural features)
Urban areas are now trying to help save the ecosystems that were once so plentiful in cities.
emit
release; produce
The kettle emitted steam and a whistling sound when the water was boiled.
enemy
opponent
They will do a battle with the enemy.
fierce
powerful; aggressive
The Spanish soldiers looked fierce to the people.
food chain
series of organisms (from small to large) that feed on each other
Tigers and Lions are at the top of the food chain.
hydrothermal vent
opening on the ocean's floor where hot gases pour out
Some of the salt in the oceans comes from undersea volcanoes and hydrothermal vents.
layout
arrangement; organization
The layout of the furniture in the room was very nice.
locked in battle
fighting
The U.S. and Iraque have been locked in battle for a decade.
marvelous
incredible; fantastic
His performance in the play was simply marvelous!
mineral
naturally occurring, inorganic material (almost always solid)
Gold is one of the most valuable mineral.
organ
vital body part (ex: heart, lung, kidney)
The most famous human organ is the heart.
perception
opinion; point of view
Magicians have to be able to manipulate people’s perception of performance.
predator
attacker; hunter
A lion is predator that is at the top of the food chain.
prey
object or target of a hunt
The lion ran as fast as he could to catch his prey.
ridge
raised area
When the cannons' roar came over the mountain ridge.
spectacular
amazing
There was a spectacular fireworks display in the park at New Year.
suction cup
sticky area used to grab and hold onto something
Squids have eight arms bearing suction cups.
touch down
land; set down
His aircraft touched down at Incheon airport slowly.
vast
very wide and spacious
The Pacific Ocean is vast and huge.
vessel
boat
We toured the area aboard a luxury vessel.
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