to act violently
The wolf will attack if you threaten it.
fear
the unpleasant feeling that occurs when a person is aware of or expects danger
Of course, that might seem fast to a person frozen in fear at seeing a snake.
fingernail
the thin, hard part that grows at the end of a human's or animal's fingers
Some women grow their fingernails long and paint them bright colors.
incorrect
being wrong or inaccurate
Alice only got one incorrect answer on the test. She got a 99%.
normally
in the manner that is usual or ordinary
It was strange to see an owl. normally, they only come out at night.
reputation
the general opinion that people have about someone or something
She had a very bad reputation among her friends.
skin
the natural, outer covering that protects an animal's or person's body
My skin is red because I have a sunburn.
slimy
thick, wet, and unpleasant
A snake’s skin is slimy and soft.
speed
the rate at which something or someone is moving
The speed limit on this road is 60 miles per hour.
temperature
a measure of hotness or coldness
The temperature in the desert is very high during the day.
truth
the state of matching reality
Don’t lie to me. Tell me the truth.
access
to gain use of
You don't have enough permissions to access the resource.
blame
to fault with someone or something for something bad that has happened
Tom is always being blamed when something goes wrong.
insurance
a system or agreement in which a person hires a company to pay for costs that are associated with damage to property, illness or other causes
People without insurance had to pay for their own repairs.
occur
to happen
Typhoons occur mainly in the western Pacific.
plumber
a person who fixes leaking pipes and toilets
We'll have to get a plumber in to replace that old pipe.
public
having to do with people as a general whole
That’s not a public bathroom. We can’t use it.
receive
to get something
She received a card to attend the Betty's birthday party.
remove
to eliminate something; get rid of something completely
I removed the mud from my shoes.
replace
to get something new to put in the place of something that is old, broken or missing
My battery is dead. I need to replace it.
risky
having or involving a significant possibility of something bad or undesirable happening
It is risky to run across the street without looking.
toilet
a structure like a seat over a hole where you get rid of waste from your body
I use a toilet when I go to the bathroom.
ability
the power or skill to do something
Some people have the ability to roll their tongues into a U-shape.
actually
in fact; really
We actually had a hard time selling her apartment.
consider
to think about someone or something in a certain way
I always consider Jane a great friend.
glide
to move smoothly and quietly as if without effort
I can glide silently on ice.
heart rate
a measure of cardiac activity usually expressed as number of beats per minute
Rebecca’s heart rate was sixty-eight beats per minute.
landing
present progressive of land
They can fly over 14,000 kilometers without landing!
sailor
a person who works on a boat or ship
The sailors were on a cruise.
soar
to increase a great degree in a short amount of time
Run until the wind catches your kite. Then, it will soar higher and higher in the air.
soul
the spiritual, mental, and emotional part of human beings
In fact, sailors once believed that albatrosses carried the souls of dead sailors.
wingspan
the length from the tip of one wing to the tip of the other
Their wingspan is the largest of all the birds.
blood pressure
the pressure of blood as it travels around the body
The nurse took my blood pressure and wrote it down on the chart.
complex
not being simple
The map was very complex and difficult to understand.
conclude
to form an opinion after careful thought
After you see all of the evidence, I’m sure you will conclude that my dog did not go into your garden.
instinct
the natural way a person or animal thinks or behaves that is not learned
An animal’s natural instinct is to live.
pride
a feeling of respect for or being satisfied with successes that you or other people close to you have achieved
My brother takes a great deal of pride in his accomplishments.
primary
having the most importance
The first five or six years of school is often called primary school because it is the beginning.
satisfied
pleased with the results of something
She was satisfied with her performance on the test.
situation
the particular events and conditions that affect someone or something at a certain time and place
An animal on the street may see a car coming. In this situation, the animal escapes instinctly.
social
relating to human society and the way it is lived and organized
Most schools organize social events for the students.
touch
to feel something by putting fingers or another body part on it
When touched, the worm’s blood pressure and heart rate go up.
connect
to attach something to something else
Before turning on the computer, you should connect the cord to the printer.
ecologist
a person who studies the environment, plants, or animals
A(n) ecologist might study how air quality changes a forest.
electricity
a form of energy generated by the attraction between positive and negative charges, used for power
People today cannot imagine life without electricity.
environmental
of or about the natural world in which plants and animals live
We have to solve the problem of environmental pollution.
impact
to have a strong effect on someone or something, usually negative
Pollution from cars impacts the environment.
natural gas
gas which is found underground or under the sea
The people have to discover the fuel to replace gasoline or natural gas.
parking lot
an area of ground where people can leave their cars
You have to park at the parking lot very carefully.
provide
to offer or give something that is wanted or needed
Solar panels on the roof provide electricity.
reduce
to make something smaller in size, amount, or level
Giving up smoking reduces the risk of several diseases.
solar panel
a panel exposed to radiation from the sun
Many newer homes have solar panels on their roofs to take advantage of the sun as a source for free energy.
based on
grounded on, founded on
The movie was based on a popular book.
boiling
changing into steam or vapour
The water in the tea pot is boiling.
espresso
strong coffee that is made by forcing steam through finely ground roasted coffee beans
I’d like an espresso with one teaspoon of sugar, please.
ground
reducing to small pieces or particles by pounding or abrading
This instant coffee tastes almost as good as fresh ground coffee.
hostess
the woman who has invited the guests and provides the food, drink, or entertainment
If it was not served well, the hostess would lose face.
powder
a dry substance in the form of very small, fine pieces or grains
The snow looks like powder.
prepared
willing, ready, set
Lunch is being prepared in the kitchen.
serve
to provide food or drinks for someone or for a group
The waiter serves us our food.
wedding
a marriage ceremony and the party
Their wedding reception was held in the garden.
well-known
famous; talked about
Michael Jackson is a well-known singer.
enthusiast
a person who is very interested in a particular activity or subject
He is a great sports enthusiast. He can't stop thinking about sports.
facial
of or on the face
They are twins, but their facial features are very different.
freestyle
used to describe sports competitions, in which competitors can use any style or method that they like when they take part
He won the race in the men's 100m freestyle.
goatee
a very short pointed beard that covers a man's chin but not his cheeks
A beard that only grows on the chin, not the cheeks, is called a goatee.
historical
associated with or relating to history or the past
A historical event happened 100 years ago today.
judge
an official having authority to decide on issues brought before a court
There are three judges for the competition.
mousse
a substance one can put in hair to form it into a shape or make it thicker
He always put mousse in his hair before going out.
participate
to be involved and actively included in something, usually with others
If you don’t participate in the contest, you can’t win.
theme
the subject of a talk, written work, or thought
Everyone is wearing clothes that match the party’s theme.
worthwhile
having a desirable result that is worth the money, time or effort of doing something
While visiting Paris, it is worthwhile to go up the Eiffel Tower. The view from the top is amazing!
assign
to give something to a particular person or thing
The manager assigned us the best room of the hotel.
bright
giving off a large amount of light
Scarlet is not a bright color, but hot pink sure is!
character
a person who is featured in a story, movie, or play
My brother’s favorite character in the story of the Three Little Pigs is the big, bad wolf.
civilian
someone not in the military
Sean is not a civilian anymore; now he is a police officer.
harsh
being severe, extreme, or unreasonable in quality, degree, or extent
The punishment you gave the kids was too harsh.
prevent
to keep something from existing or happening; to keep someone from doing something
In order to prevent our pet rabbit from running away, we built her a big cage.
punish
to make someone suffer for doing something wrong
If I do something wrong, my father punishes me.
shame
a cause for feeling sad or disappointed shame on you! You shouldn’t lie.
twist
a surprising change in events or happenings
I thought Mark was guilty, but in the end his brother was guilty. What a twist!
warning
a verbal or written way to tell people about something dangerous
A warning of the danger of smoking is printed on every pack of cigarettes.
ahead
in front of
My dog always likes to walk ahead of me.
bitter
having a sharp, bad taste; not sweet
I don’t like this coffee. It’s too bitter.
chemical
a substance created through a chemical process
My parents use chemicals like bleach and vinegar when they clean the house.
divide
to separate something into two or more sections
She divided the students into boys and girls when the bell rang.
hardly
only just or almost not true or possible
I could hardly solve the math problems. Those are too difficult for me.
in addition
including something else
This game is more fun. in addition, it is cheaper.
rub
to move one's hand back and forth along a surface while applying pressure
My mother rubbed some lotion onto her face.
sensitive
being able to recognize or measure very small changes in something, often relating to scientific instruments
My skin is very sensitive to the sun. I have to wear a lot of sun block.
tongue
the soft, movable piece of flesh, inside the mouth, used for tasting, eating and, in people, for talking
You taste food with your tongue.
vary
to be different or to change and become different
Temperatures across the US vary from each region.
chest
the top part of the body below the neck and above the stomach
My heart and lungs are inside my chest.
equivalent
being alike in quality, value, purpose or degree
1000 milliliters is equivalent to 1 liter.
expert
someone with special skill in a certain area and knows a lot about that area
She will know the answer. She is a(n) expert.
impressive
causing admiration or respect
The size of that bug is impressive! It’s as big as a mouse.
lower
closer to the bottom or the ground
The baby has only two of her lower teeth. She doesn't have any of her top teeth yet.
possible
being able to be done or achieved
Is it possible that he swam across the lake?
record
to keep information in a written form so it may be referred to later
Sandra recorded her daily activities in her day planner.
sensor
a device that detects physical stimuli
There is a(n) sensor in that computer that tells us the temperature outside.
target
any object that you are trying to achieve
The export target for 2002 has been set at 200 billion dollars.
upper
being higher in position
Mom put the medicine on the upper shelf of the bookshelf.
alloy
a metal that is formed by combining two or more different metals
The alloy is a metal that is a combination of other metals.
aluminum
(American English spelling) a very light silvery-white metal used to make cans and pans
The soft drink cans made of aluminum.
benefit
a good or advantageous thing
There are many health benefits if you exercise.
come up with
to think of an idea, an answer to a question or a solution to a problem
We need to come up with a solution to the problem fast!
for instance
a particular occurrence or situation
He is a very generous person. for instance he gives to many charities.
handy
being very useful, helpful and practical
Backpacks are handy for carrying books in.
material
the physical substance, such as wood or metal, that something is made of
We used materials such as wood and stone to build the house.
quality
the standard or value of something
This paper is very poor quality. It's very hard.
temperature
a measure of hotness or coldness
It seems cold this morning. What is the temperature outside?
weigh
to have a particular amount of weight
I am 170 cm tall, and I weigh 70 kg.
appear
to be in sight; to arrive at a place
The lightning appears a few seconds before the thunder is heard.
calculate
to do mathematical processes to find the answer to a problem
Can you calculate the amount of time we have left?
distance
the amount of space between two points
The school is a great distance away. I can’t walk there.
divide
to separate something into two or more sections
Fifteen divided by three is five.
imagine
to form ideas or images in your head that are not real
Can you imagine walking on the moon?
immediately
without any delay, delay or distance
Lightning travels fast, so you can see it immediately.
lightning
the bright flashes of light in the sky caused by a storm
He died after being struck by lightning.
observe
to watch and take careful notice of someone or something
The teacher observed the new students in the class before beginning the lesson.
simultaneously
at exactly the same time as something else
The two students answered the question simultaneously.
thunder
the loud sound that comes from the sky, usually during a storm, and is produced by lightning
The loud thunder from the storm was very frightening.
actually
existing in reality; in fact; really
Have you actually seen the Eiffel Tower?
decision
a choice made after giving consideration
This is a very difficult decision for me.
initially
at first; originally
Shareware is free initially, but users have to pay for it later.
legal
relating to the law
In the United States, the legal drinking age is 21.
online
on the Internet
When I go online, I check my email and read the newspaper.
produce
to produce or grow something naturally
Plants and trees produce oxygen we need to breathe.
programmer
a person who writes computer programs
I’m not sure what he does, but I think he is a computer programmer.
solvable
to find out the answer or solution
The problem is easily solvable using a simple math formula.
try
to make an attempt
Don't give up before you try.
type
a group of things or people that have common features
What type of books do you usually read?
belong
to be a member of a particular group and feel welcomed
Who does this ring belong to?
cab
taxi
We took a cab to the hospital.
citizen
a person who is an official member of a nation or state
I am a citizen of this country.
contact
to communicate with someone
Please contact me when you come to Korea again.
fare
the money people pay to travel on public transportation, taxis or boats
How much is the bus fare these days?
grateful
thankful
He feels grateful because she helped him.
notice
to become aware of something or someone by sight, touch, hearing, or another sense
William just noticed his brother’s new hair cut.
passenger
a person riding in but not driving a vehicle
Over 700 passengers can fly on a 747.
previous
having happened before the present time or event
Our new teacher is much stricter than our previous one.
refuse
not to accept, allow, or give something
She refused to accept my proposal.
artwork
any piece of fine art
The artwork in the museum is displayed with just the right lighting.
drawing
using a pencil or pen to produce a picture, pattern, or diagram drawing pictures are my hobby.
enter
to become a competitor in a contest
You have to pay $10 to enter the art contest.
material
the physical substance, such as wood or metal, that something is made of
You can buy all the materials you need to make that dress at the fabric store.
metal
a hard substance such as iron, steel, gold, lead, or similar materials that can be shaped or melted and can conduct electricity
Cars are made of metal.
passion
something for which one has a great love
If you have a passion for your job, you can do well in life.
portrait
a painting, drawing or photograph of a person's head and shoulders
The artists are drawing a portrait of a model.
quit
to leave a job, school or thing permanently, often without fully completing it
My father will quit his job if he can find a better one.
respected
admired and considered important by many people
Gandhi was the most respected leader of the 1900’s.
sculpture
the practice of creating artistic objects from wood, clay or other materials
The sculpture was made of stone, and it looked exactly like the king.
damage
to harm someone or something physically so that they are hurt or broken
Don’t touch that! You might damage it.
decorate
to make an object or place more attractive by adding beautiful items
I like to decorate my nails.
fingertip
the end (tip) of a finger
Press the power button with a fingertip.
include
to add something to a group or total
Does this computer include a mouse and a mouse pad?
landscape
the natural scenery of a place
The outdoor landscape was beautiful with all the mountains and lakes.
protect
(usually followed by "against" or "from" ) to defend against harm or danger
My brother protects me from danger.
statement
something said or written formally, officially, or publicly
There is no truth in his statement.
supply
the quantity of something that is available for use
Pencils, pens, and paper are all school supply.
tradition
a custom, practice, or belief that has been in place for a long time and passed down in a culture or a family
It is tradition for the bride to wear white.
trend
a general tendency
Current trends in fashion usually start in the US.
avoid
to stay away from something
Students are free to take easy courses while avoiding the hard ones.
certain
being sure to happen; definite
Jane needs to find a certain book for her class.
course
a program of classes that teach students about a specific subject
My English course is really hard.
entrance
the right to enter
You have to take an entrance examination to enter university.
fail
to be unsuccessful in passing a class or exam
If I fail the entrance examination this time, I will try again next year.
include
to add something to a group or total
Does this computer include a mouse and a mouse pad?
preparation
the act or process of becoming or causing someone to become ready for a future activity, event, or purpose
The team has trained hard in preparation for the match.
recommend
to say someone or something has good qualities and perform well at something
My teacher recommends that I take French next year.
sign up
to arrange to do a course of study by adding your name
I decided to sign up for scuba lessons this summer.
social studies
a course of instruction comprising such subjects as history, geography, civics, etc.
He doesn't like study social studies.
subject
course of study
Physics and chemistry are my favorite subjects.
affect
to do something that causes a change in someone's situation
Stress can affect our health.
bandage
a cloth or wrapping used to cover a wound
I hurt myself. I need a bandage.
effective
producing the wanted result
The newspapers are effective advertising media.
germ
a tiny living object that is capable of causing sickness and disease
Don’t touch that garbage. It has a lot of germs.
ingredient
one of the food items used when making a meal or drink
Before you start cooking, make sure you have all the ingredients.
medicine
a substance that is given to a person to relieve pain or cure sickness
Although medicine doesn't taste nice, it helps you feel better.
mystery
something that is not understood or known about
I love to watch a good mystery movie.
simply
with nothing more; just
Don’t be angry. I think I must have simply misspoken.
stable
having a state or condition that is not easily changed or moved
He was happy to find a stable job that paid well.
sticky
being covered in or made of a substance that can attach to different surfaces
My fingers were sticky with caramel.
wound
a cut or hole in the body of a person or animal that is usually caused by a weapon
I cut myself with a knife and got a deep wound.
challenge
a difficult task that requires great skill or creativity to complete
Learning a new company's system is always a challenge.
combine
to form into a single unit
By riding my bike to work, I combine exercise with fun.
gymnastics
a sport dealing with the movement of the body
I like to watch gymnastics during the Olympics.
mental
relating to the mind and thoughts
His physical and mental health is getting worse.
obstacle
an object that blocks a path or course
They must use physical and mental skills to overcome obstacles.
overcome
to control a problem or difficulty successfully
It took a long time to overcome my sadness after my cat died.
philosophy
the study of knowledge, truth, and the meaning of life
Ancient Greek philosophy was developed by three famous philosophers.
phrase
a group of words that forms a unit and expresses a single meaning
This sport began in France, and its name comes from the French phrase parcours d ’obstacles.
physical
relating to someone's body and not his or her mind or feelings
His physical and mental health is getting worse.
progress
to improve or become closer to a goal
He progressed quickly in his karate class.
pure
not mixed or combined with anything else
This material is warranted to be pure silk.
screen
the part of a computer or television that displays pictures or other information
Look at the screen of the computer.
character
a person who is featured in a story, movie, or play
My favorite character in Harry Potter is Dumbledore.
create
to make something happen or exist
The government plans to create more jobs for young people.
designer
someone who makes a plan for something or decides how to create something
He was the designer of the beautiful dress.
develop
to improve something with time and work
You should develop a reading habit.
final
happening at the end of something
Students are studying very hard for the final test.
for instance
as an example
He is a very generous person. for instance he gives to many charities.
instruction
(plural) the written or spoken information about how to do or use something
Read the instructions carefully prior to operating this washing machine.
resemblance
a state of being similar to someone or something else, particularly in appearance
She bears a striking resemblance to her older sister.
shoot
to fire a gun
He picked up the gun to shoot the enemy.
storyboard
a set of pictures which show what will happen in something
In the final part of planning, the designers create storyboards.
variety
a particular type of thing or person
There is a variety of chocolates at the supermarket.
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